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Resumos Informativos Bacharel Biblioteconomia Universidade Federal Alagoas UFAL Especialista análise desenvolvimento softwares projetista desenvolvedor DETRAN/AL Expertise expert informática tecnologias Rapid Application Development Delphi Relational Database Management System Firebird Content Joomla Wordpress MySQL Banco Dados Recursos Humanos Sistema Estatística Acidentes Trânsito Emissão CNH CRV CRLV Ponto Eletrônico Folha Pagamento Funcionários Gestão Escolar Vendas Resgate Passes Estudantis estudantil TRANSPAL Integrado Financeiro Tesouraria Fluxo Caixa Contabilidade Informatizado Sócios Associados https://tonysoftwares.com.br/resumos-informativos 2024-11-23T09:39:29+00:00 TonySoftwares tonydmaz@tonysoftwares.com.br Joomla! - Open Source Content Management A conversação em rede. In: A conversação em rede: comunicação mediada pelo computador e redes sociais na Internet 2017-03-12T18:04:15+00:00 2017-03-12T18:04:15+00:00 https://tonysoftwares.com.br/resumos-informativos/5284-recuero-a-conversacao-em-rede-in-a-conversacao-em-rede-comunicacao-mediada-pelo-computador-e-redes-sociais-na-internet TonyDmaZ tonydmaz@tonysoftwares.com.br <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">RECUERO, Raquel. A conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede. In: RECUERO, Raquel. <b>A conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede: </b>comunica&ccedil;&atilde;o mediada pelo computador e redes sociais na Internet. Porto Alegre: Editora Sulina, 2012. 238 p.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Perfil da Autora:</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> &Eacute; jornalista, professora e pesquisadora da </span><a href="http://ucpel.tche.br/poslet/"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">Universidade Cat&oacute;lica de Pelotas</span></a><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">. Suas &aacute;reas de interesse s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">redes sociais</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">comunidades virtuais na Internet</span>, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, fluxos de informa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> e capital social no ciberespa&ccedil;o e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">jornalismo digital</span>.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">CAP&Iacute;TULO 4</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> &ndash; <strong>A CONVERSA&Ccedil;&Atilde;O EM REDE</strong></span></p> <ol> <li><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">INTRODU&Ccedil;&Atilde;O</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Segundo a autora <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">as conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede</span></b> adv&ecirc;m do surgimento dos sites de redes sociais: &ldquo;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">S&atilde;o centenas, milhares de novas formas de trocas sociais que constroem conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es <b>p&uacute;blicas, coletivas, s&iacute;ncronas e ass&iacute;ncronas</b>, que permeiam grupos e sistemas diferentes, migram, espalham-se e semeiam novos comportamentos&rdquo;. (p. 121)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Essas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede constituem-se em conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es <b>coletivas, p&uacute;blicas, permanentes</b> - <span style="text-transform: uppercase;">pass&iacute;vel de recupera&ccedil;&atilde;o </span>-, cujas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">caracter&iacute;sticas emergentes</span> s&atilde;o aliadas &agrave;s caracter&iacute;sticas da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o mediada no ciberespa&ccedil;o. (p. 121)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">S&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es diferenciadas</span> daquelas no espa&ccedil;o online, pois emergem do espa&ccedil;o - <span style="text-decoration: underline;">coletiva e publicamente</span> por milhares de indiv&iacute;duos - constitu&iacute;do: por uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">hashtag</span>, uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">comunidade no Orkut</span> ou de algo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publicado no Facebook</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">S&atilde;o conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es que se utilizam das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es</span> estabelecidas entre <span style="text-decoration: underline;">atores nos sites de rede social</span> para se espalhar para outros grupos. S&atilde;o, fundamentalmente, conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es amplificadas, emergentes e complexas, nascidas da interconex&atilde;o entre os atores. (p. 122)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.1.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Problematizando a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os sites de redes sociais permitiram &agrave;s pessoas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publicar e ampliar suas redes</span>, criando <span style="text-decoration: underline;">novas conex&otilde;es</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">novas formas</span> de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">circula&ccedil;&atilde;o de informa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> (Recuero e Zago, 2009), al&eacute;m de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">novos modos de intera&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> (Primo, 2006). (p. 122)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Essas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">emergentes ferramentas</span> propiciaram a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publiciza&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> de redes sociais e novas formas de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o: </span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">coletivas</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">, <b>ass&iacute;ncronas ou s&iacute;ncronas</b>, <b>p&uacute;blicas</b> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">e capazes de envolver uma grande quantidade de atores, denominada pela autora de <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span></b>.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Essas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es <span style="text-decoration: underline;">s&atilde;o diferentes das demais conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es no espa&ccedil;o digital,</span> pois s&atilde;o capazes de "navegar" <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pelas conex&otilde;es dessas redes</span>, espalhando-se por outros grupos sociais e por outros espa&ccedil;os &ndash; i.e. a AMPLIFICA&Ccedil;&Atilde;O e a REVERBERA&Ccedil;&Atilde;O da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o -. Elas transpassam diversas redes sociais, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">recebendo interfer&ecirc;ncias</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">participa&ccedil;&otilde;es de indiv&iacute;duos</span>, inclusive, daqueles <span style="text-decoration: underline;">que n&atilde;o fazem parte da rede</span> do protagonista do di&aacute;logo. (p. 123)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A capacidade da <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o online</span> de permanecer (Boyd, 2007) implica tamb&eacute;m a capacidade de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">envolver muito mais do que apenas dois interagentes</span>, multiplicando</span> <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">a participa&ccedil;&atilde;o. Pode <span style="text-decoration: underline;">migrar entre v&aacute;rias ferramentas</span>, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">espalhar-se</span> entre v&aacute;rias redes sociais e acontecer em escalas devido a possibilidade de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">buscar aquilo que foi dito</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Assim a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede pode ser <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contextualizada e recuperada</span>, permitindo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">espalhar-se e amplificar-se</span> dentro das redes sociais, e tamb&eacute;m, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publicizar as rela&ccedil;&otilde;es sociais</span> entre os interagentes, fornecendo o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto social</span> para a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">interpreta&ccedil;&atilde;o dos grupos e das rela&ccedil;&otilde;es entre os indiv&iacute;duos</span>. (p. 126)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora afirma que </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">&rdquo;o <b>espalhamento entre grupos sociais pelas conex&otilde;es entre os indiv&iacute;duos</b>&rdquo; </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">&eacute; a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">caracter&iacute;stica mais importante</span> da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede. (p. 127)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.1.1.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Redes sociais na Internet e sites de rede social</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora esclarece que devamos entender as <b>redes</b><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> como met&aacute;foras para os grupos humanos</span>, e as <b>redes sociais na internet</b>, para esses <span style="text-decoration: underline;">grupos mediados por dispositivos inform&aacute;ticos</span> (computador, smartphone, tablet). (p. 128)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A <b>perman&ecirc;ncia e a buscabilidade</b> (Boyd, 2007) &ndash; caracter&iacute;sticas do processo de comunica&ccedil;&atilde;o no ciberespa&ccedil;o - proporcionam uma observa&ccedil;&atilde;o dessas trocas em micro e macro escalas. As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">representa&ccedil;&otilde;es dos atores</span> envolvidos nas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">trocas comunicacionais</span>, a exemplo dos perfis, s&atilde;o os <b>nodos ou n&oacute;s da rede</b>, e as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es entre esses perfis</span> seriam as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es entre os n&oacute;s</span> que formar&atilde;o <b>a rede</b></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es</span> s&atilde;o os elementos mais complexos dessas redes, afinal, s&atilde;o elas que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">unem os atores em grupos sociais</span> (representados, nos grafos, pelas arestas). Nas <b>redes sociais</b> &ndash; i.e. <i>OFFLINE</i> -, essas conex&otilde;es s&atilde;o constitu&iacute;das principalmente de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rela&ccedil;&otilde;es sociais</span>, ou seja, de rela&ccedil;&otilde;es criadas atrav&eacute;s de eventos de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">fala e de troca de informa&ccedil;&otilde;es entre atores</span>, que terminam por construir <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os sociais</span>: essencialmente la&ccedil;os fortes e fracos (Granoveter, 1973). (p. 129)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">La&ccedil;os fortes</span> constituem-se em vias mais amplas e concretas para as trocas sociais (Wellman, 1997); os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os fracos</span> possuem trocas mais difusas. Por&eacute;m os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os fracos s&atilde;o importantes</span>, pois <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conectam os grupos</span>, constitu&iacute;dos de la&ccedil;os fortes, entre si. <span style="text-decoration: underline;">La&ccedil;os</span>, portanto, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conectam os atores</span> na rede social, e, tamb&eacute;m s&atilde;o importantes vias de circula&ccedil;&atilde;o de informa&ccedil;&otilde;es. (p. 130)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nas redes sociais na Internet os la&ccedil;os s&atilde;o diferentes. S&atilde;o primeiramente de dois tipos: &ldquo;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">os <b>la&ccedil;os associativos</b> e os <b>relacionais</b> (Recuero, 2009)&rdquo;: os </span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Associativos</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> s&atilde;o formados por <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pertencimento</span>, ou seja, os atores associam-se por interesses ou ideias comuns, sendo opcional a intera&ccedil;ao. Os <b>Relacionais</b> s&atilde;o derivados da <span style="text-decoration: underline;">intera&ccedil;&atilde;o entre os atores</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora afirma que existem as <b>redes de filia&ccedil;&atilde;o ou associa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> (&agrave;quelas publicamente disponibilizadas pelas ferramentas) e as <b>redes emergentes</b> (&agrave;quelas formadas pelas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es no sistema).</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">sites de rede social</span> s&atilde;o caracterizados pela <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publiciza&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">redes sociais dos atores</span> e por <span style="text-decoration: underline;">permitir construir</span> um <span style="text-decoration: underline;">perfil individualizado</span> (Boyd &amp; Ellison, 2007). Possuem dois <span style="text-decoration: underline;">elementos conceituais</span> que os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diferenciam</span> de outros sites: <b>a apropria&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> (sistema utilizado para manter redes sociais e dar-lhes sentido) e a <b>estrutura </b>(cuja principal caracter&iacute;stica &eacute; a exposi&ccedil;&atilde;o p&uacute;blica da rede dos atores) (Boyd &amp; Ellison, 2007). (p. 131). </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os <b>la&ccedil;os relacionais</b> nos sites de redes sociais, em geral, apontam para os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os fortes</span>, uma vez que s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rec&iacute;procos</span>, constitu&iacute;dos de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">intera&ccedil;&otilde;es</span> mais ou menos frequentes. Os <b>la&ccedil;os associativos</b> apontam para os<span style="text-decoration: underline;"> la&ccedil;os fracos</span>, ou seja, aqueles que n&atilde;o possuem quase intera&ccedil;&atilde;o, mas que geram valor (por exemplo, trazem informa&ccedil;&otilde;es externas) e influenciam as redes sociais. (p. 133)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Quanto &agrave; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">simetria e assimetria das conex&otilde;es</span> das redes sociais na Internet, a autora cita o Facebook e o Orkut como sites <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">sim&eacute;tricos</span></b>, com &ldquo;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">conex&otilde;es sempre rec&iacute;procas e sim&eacute;tricas (para que algu&eacute;m adicione outra pessoa &agrave; sua rede &eacute; necess&aacute;ria a concord&acirc;ncia desta)</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">&rdquo;. E o Twitter e o Google+ como <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">assim&eacute;tricos</span></b></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">, ou seja, </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">&ldquo;de conex&otilde;es onde n&atilde;o existe reciprocidade na cria&ccedil;&atilde;o da conex&atilde;o&rdquo;.</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.1.2.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O capital social e as redes sociais na Internet</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Neste livro, o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social</span> &eacute; pensado como constitu&iacute;do de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">recursos coletivamente constru&iacute;dos</span> relacionados ao <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pertencimento da rede</span>, ou seja, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">valores</span> individualmente apropriados <span style="text-decoration: underline;">por atores</span> de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">recursos</span> constru&iacute;dos pelo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">grupo</span>. (p. 136)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">recursos</span> s&atilde;o constitu&iacute;dos atrav&eacute;s dos <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os sociais</span>, e, tamb&eacute;m das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pr&aacute;ticas conversacionais</span>, decorrendo, que o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social &eacute; um valor coletivo</span>, de que os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">atores podem se apropriar e transformar</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Na Internet as redes sociais s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diferentes</span>, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mais complexas</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">menos custosas</span> para os atores. As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">formas de criar e compartilhar capital social</span> tamb&eacute;m o s&atilde;o, ou seja, &eacute; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mais f&aacute;cil criar, manter e ampliar</span> a rede social.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Indaga a autora</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">: como essas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">formas de capital social</span> e de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">constru&ccedil;&atilde;o de valores</span> influenciam a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede? </span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Resposta</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">: o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social &eacute; elemento fundamental &agrave; conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>, pois esta depende de elementos do <span style="text-decoration: underline;">macrocontexto das rela&ccedil;&otilde;es</span>, &agrave; exemplo, da polidez (atitude gentil; cortesia, civilidade). (p. 137)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Al&eacute;m dos elementos mencionados, a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede gera <span style="text-decoration: underline;">visibilidade</span>, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">reputa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">popularidade</span>.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Visibilidade</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> quanto mais citado e referenciado na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Reputa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> quanto mais acessos e concord&acirc;ncias recebe na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. Ocasiona <span style="text-decoration: underline;">aumento na popularidade e visibilidade</span>.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Popularidade</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> tem haver com quantidade de seguidores.</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.2.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os processos da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As redes sociais presentes nos sites de rede social (SRSs) s&atilde;o </span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">diferenciadas, e t&ecirc;m elementos <span style="text-decoration: underline;">comuns e caracter&iacute;sticos</span> compostos por: </span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">por <span style="text-decoration: underline;">formas de individualiza&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> (perfis) </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> permitindo aos indiv&iacute;duos estabelecer quem s&atilde;o e convidar outros a interagir;</span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> pelas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es</span> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> que tornam p&uacute;blicas as redes sociais anexas a cada perfil</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">. (p. 138)</span></p> <ol> <li>2.1.<b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Perfis como conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os perfis s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">representa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span>, de atores e grupos, que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">delimitam o contexto</span> desses enunciados (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">atores, grupos, participantes</span>); e podem constituir-se em <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span>. (p. 139)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A <span style="text-decoration: underline;">representa&ccedil;&atilde;o dos atores no ciberespa&ccedil;o</span> &eacute; essencial para que sejam <span style="text-decoration: underline;">compreendidos</span> pelos demais como <span style="text-decoration: underline;">participantes da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>. Os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">modos de representa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> variam conforme o SRS: podem ser imagens, apelidos (nicknames), elementos perform&aacute;ticos (ex.: modo de expressar).</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Essas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">representa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span> s&atilde;o o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">primeiro elemento essencial</span> da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. Ao construir um perfil, os atores precisam <span style="text-decoration: underline;">reconstruir ind&iacute;cios</span> a respeito de quem s&atilde;o, para <span style="text-decoration: underline;">uma audi&ecirc;ncia imaginada pelos atores</span>. (p. 141)</span></p> <ol> <li>2.2.<b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As conex&otilde;es e a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es tamb&eacute;m s&atilde;o elementos conversacionais</span>. Constituem e s&atilde;o constitu&iacute;das por conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es. Ao <span style="text-decoration: underline;">aceitar uma conex&atilde;o</span> no Facebook ou no Orkut, por exemplo, h&aacute; uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o impl&iacute;cita</span>. Ao <span style="text-decoration: underline;">dividir uma informa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">com sua rede, o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">ator cria uma expectativa de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>. As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es nem sempre constitui conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> para existirem, por&eacute;m, s&atilde;o as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">protagonistas no espalhamento</span>, caracter&iacute;stico das conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede. (p. 143)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nas redes sociais emergentes, as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es</span> tamb&eacute;m s&atilde;o r<span style="text-decoration: underline;">epresentadas</span> atrav&eacute;s das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es e das trocas produzidas por elas entre os sujeitos</span>. Nos SRS as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es s&atilde;o representadas por mensagens trocadas entre os sujeitos</span>. Essas mensagens, que podem constituir tanto <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es s&iacute;ncronas quanto ass&iacute;ncronas</span>, s&atilde;o capazes de gerar <span style="text-decoration: underline;">elementos de valor</span>, como o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Embora possam incluir indiv&iacute;duos que n&atilde;o est&atilde;o conectados atrav&eacute;s da ferramenta, &eacute; atrav&eacute;s da rede associativa ou de filia&ccedil;&atilde;o que essas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es s&atilde;o espalhadas e transitam para as demais redes.</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O problema do contexto</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto representa</span>, talvez, o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">maior problema para a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span>, devido &agrave;s redes sociais serem multimodais, negociadas e constru&iacute;das como espa&ccedil;os conversacionais apropriados pelos grupos. O contexto, i.e., o ambiente em que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">essas trocas v&atilde;o acontecer</span> influen-ciam a forma de interpreta&ccedil;&atilde;o e participa&ccedil;&atilde;o no di&aacute;logo. (p. 146)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nas RSI, <b>o contexto n&atilde;o &eacute; &oacute;bvio e nem imediatamente discern&iacute;vel</b>, pois n&atilde;o temos uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">s&eacute;rie de elementos</span> que atuam na constru&ccedil;&atilde;o do <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto nas intera&ccedil;&otilde;es off-line</span>, por ex.: gestos, express&otilde;es faciais, entona&ccedil;&atilde;o, ambiente e etc. ou mesmo, uma s&eacute;rie de novos elementos que s&atilde;o adicionados no processo (por exemplo, a perman&ecirc;ncia das intera&ccedil;&otilde;es na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o online, a refer&ecirc;ncia, a cria&ccedil;&atilde;o de novos espa&ccedil;os e etc.). O <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto</span> &eacute; uma das coisas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mais dif&iacute;ceis de compreender e discernir nas intera&ccedil;&otilde;es online</span> (RECUERO, 2010).</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">N&atilde;o apenas isso ocasiona interpreta&ccedil;&otilde;es erradas, como tamb&eacute;m acaba por minar a participa&ccedil;&atilde;o de muita gente nesses espa&ccedil;os. Um dos exemplos &eacute; o uso de <b>hashtags</b> no Twitter. As hashtags servem, justamente, para <b>oferecer pistas a respeito do contexto</b> daquilo que est&aacute; sendo dito. Tamb&eacute;m relevante &eacute; quando se tem apenas uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rede social espec&iacute;fica</span> que tem <span style="text-decoration: underline;">acesso ao espa&ccedil;o conversacional</span>: Ex.: o Plurk</span><a href="https://tonysoftwares.com.br/#ftn1" id="ftnref1" style="vertical-align: super;" name="_ftnref1">[1]</a><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nesse caso, os participantes da rede tendem a assumir que o <b>contexto impl&iacute;cito ser&aacute; compreendido pela rede</b> com base nas experi&ecirc;ncias em comum. S&oacute; que dificilmente algu&eacute;m tem elementos de uma &uacute;nica rede em qualquer ferramenta, assim, <b>contextos diferentes s&atilde;o reconstru&iacute;dos e interpreta&ccedil;&otilde;es diferentes de um mesmo di&aacute;logo acontecem</b>. Com isso, mais problemas de negocia&ccedil;&atilde;o e trocas emergem (RECUERO, 2010).</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.1.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> O p&uacute;blico e o privado nas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es online</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> normalmente <span style="text-decoration: underline;">s&atilde;o restritas aos indiv&iacute;duos</span> que est&atilde;o dividindo uma determinada <span style="text-decoration: underline;">situa&ccedil;&atilde;o da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> (no sentido constru&iacute;do por Goffman). A aproxima&ccedil;&atilde;o de outros atores &eacute; percebida pelos interagentes que, portanto, t&ecirc;m controle de quem participa da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. No ambiente mediado, o controle &eacute; muito menor, justamente porque n&atilde;o se percebem todos os participantes da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. (p. 146)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span>, entretanto, &eacute; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">por defini&ccedil;&atilde;o, p&uacute;blica</span>. Sua principal caracter&iacute;stica &eacute; aquela da <span style="text-decoration: underline;">migra&ccedil;&atilde;o entre os v&aacute;rios grupos sociais</span>, o que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">inviabiliza sua privacidade</span>. Entretanto, embora a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede seja p&uacute;blica, nada impede que tenha seu in&iacute;cio no &acirc;mbito privado. (p. 151)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.2.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A visibilidade na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A visibilidade do comum &eacute; algo sedutor, implica numa <span style="text-decoration: underline;">forma de capitalizar</span> um dos grandes <span style="text-decoration: underline;">valores da contemporaneidade</span>, <b>a aten&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> (Lahan, 2006), mas tamb&eacute;m <span style="text-decoration: underline;">tem um custo</span> que est&aacute; sobre a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publiciza&ccedil;&atilde;o do privado</span>. H&aacute; uma rela&ccedil;&atilde;o de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">investimento e custo</span>, que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">agrega</span> ou n&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social</span> aos <span style="text-decoration: underline;">sujeitos da visibilidade</span>. (p. 152)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A visibilidade est&aacute; diretamente relacionada com a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">presen&ccedil;a</span> e com a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">narrativa da presen&ccedil;a</span>, constituindo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">reordena&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> dos modos de conversar. Para <span style="text-decoration: underline;">participar da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>, &eacute; preciso <b>est&aacute; vis&iacute;vel</b> e a <b>conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> idem. Mais do que ser ouvido, para conversar &eacute; preciso tamb&eacute;m ser visto. (p. 153)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es precisam ser <span style="text-decoration: underline;">divididas, publicadas e reconstitu&iacute;das</span> para que outros sujeitos possam participar: Ex.: o bot&atilde;o share do Facebook e do Google+, o retweet no Twitter publicizam a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o dando <span style="text-decoration: underline;">visibilidade ao que &eacute; dito</span> permitindo que grupos diferentes participem da conversa. Tais pr&aacute;ticas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">geradoras dessa visibilidade</span> t&ecirc;m seu custo relacionado com a publiciza&ccedil;&atilde;o.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Para a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o o<i> </i>custo pode ser bastante alto: a) a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">interse&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> de redes sociais diferentes pode <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conflitar</span> relativa &agrave;s <span style="text-decoration: underline;">negocia&ccedil;&otilde;es de contexto e polidez diferentes</span>; b)<i> </i><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Atores de redes sociais diferentes</span> podem manifestar-se de forma considerada agressiva ou menos aceita pelo grupo original relativo as negocia&ccedil;&otilde;es macrocontextuais e o permitido na intera&ccedil;&atilde;o; c) A <span style="text-decoration: underline;">consci&ecirc;ncia da visibilidade das intera&ccedil;&otilde;es</span> para outras redes tamb&eacute;m pode inibir a participa&ccedil;&atilde;o na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, relativo uma no&ccedil;&atilde;o clara da "face" dos interagentes e nem das normas das intera&ccedil;&otilde;es. (p. 154)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.3.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Multimodalidade, migra&ccedil;&atilde;o e multiconversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede frequentemente apresentam-se como <span style="text-decoration: underline;">multimodais</span>, de maneira <span style="text-decoration: underline;">simult&acirc;nea entre os v&aacute;rios atores</span>, at&eacute; porque as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">redes sociais tamb&eacute;m s&atilde;o multimodais</span>. A Multimodalidade refere-se &agrave; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">presen&ccedil;a das conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es e das redes sociais</span> nas v&aacute;rias plataformas.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Por causa dessa multimodalidade, os grupos sociais precisam estabelecer os da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, e esse acordo, t&aacute;cito, acontece no momento da <span style="text-decoration: underline;">transcri&ccedil;&atilde;o das redes sociais para a ferramenta</span>. (p. 156)</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Recuero entende ser tamb&eacute;m caracter&iacute;stica das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede media</span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">da</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">, o <b>conceito de multiconversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b>. Esta ocorre pela perman&ecirc;ncia e pela assincronicidade potencial, ou seja, acontece quando um &uacute;nico ator mant&eacute;m diversas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es simult&acirc;neas, em contextos diferentes, com atores diferentes. (p. 158)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.4.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Capital social e a polidez nas redes sociais</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A polidez &eacute; essencial para o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">funcionamento, organiza&ccedil;&atilde;o e normatiza&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> do <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto</span> onde a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o acontece</span>. &Eacute; influenciado pelo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social constru&iacute;do pelas RSI</span> e atua como <span style="text-decoration: underline;">delimitador</span> dos contextos onde essas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">normas atuam</span> e os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rituais da polidez</span>. (p. 160)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A <span style="text-decoration: underline;">compreens&atilde;o</span> das normas de polidez &eacute; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">indicativo dos la&ccedil;os sociais existentes na rede</span>. Polidez com normas male&aacute;veis apontam para La&ccedil;os Fortes proporcionando conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es mais informais. Quando os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os s&atilde;o mais fracos</span>, a polidez &eacute; essencial para <span style="text-decoration: underline;">guiar a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> e a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">manuten&ccedil;&atilde;o da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>.</span></p> <p><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><br style="page-break-before: always;" clear="all" /> </span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"></span></b><b>5.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">ESTUDANDO A CONVERSA&Ccedil;&Atilde;O EM REDE</span></b></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O cap&iacute;tulo discute como <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mapear as conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede mediada</span> e que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">elementos observar desses mapas</span>. Para conceituar <b>mapa de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b>, usa-se uma abordagem estrutural, focada a partir da An&aacute;lise de Redes Sociais. (p. 171)</span></p> <ol> <li>1.<b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Mapas de Conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em Rede</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Mapear a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o &eacute; um <span style="text-decoration: underline;">processo complexo</span> porque &eacute; dif&iacute;cil recortar uma &uacute;nica conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, e dif&iacute;cil inferir o contexto dessas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es. Os <b>mapas de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">"retratos" de um conjunto de intera&ccedil;&otilde;es</span> delimitadas num <span style="text-decoration: underline;">certo tempo e espa&ccedil;o</span>: logo constituindo uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o parcial num certo ambiente conversacional</span>. Em princ&iacute;pio, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">n&atilde;o contempla abordagem ampla das din&acirc;micas</span> dessas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es. (p. 173)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora reitera que o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mapa de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>, trabalhado na obra, &eacute; um retrato de um determinado momento que cont&eacute;m os atores que est&atilde;o participando da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o e as trocas que foram realizadas durante o per&iacute;odo. A quantidade de intera&ccedil;&otilde;es recolhidas e a perspectiva de an&aacute;lise dependem das escolhas do pesquisador. (p. 174)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>5.1.1.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> A an&aacute;lise de redes sociais e a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">An&aacute;lise de Redes Sociais (ARS) &eacute; uma perspectiva te&oacute;rico-metodol&oacute;gica para o estudo das estruturas sociais, ou seja, os agrupamentos humanos. Com o tempo a ARS &eacute; usada como perspectiva qualitativa, enfocando a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">estrutura e o conte&uacute;do</span> (Montardo, Passerino e Berkenstein, 2007) e &agrave;s <span style="text-decoration: underline;">din&acirc;micas dessas redes</span> (Recuero, 2009). Al&eacute;m disso, a ARS vem sendo usada por pesquisadores para o estudo das redes sociais na Internet, devido ao <span style="text-decoration: underline;">prospecto dos estudos dos rastros das estruturas sociais</span> deixadas no ciberespa&ccedil;o. Sua perspectiva concentra-se no desenho da estrutura desses rastros e no c&aacute;lculo de diversas vari&aacute;veis quantific&aacute;veis da rede. (p. 174)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nessa obra a ARS &eacute; usada para analisar a estrutura das redes de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. Para esse fim interessam-nos os diferentes graus de centralidade. O <span style="text-decoration: underline;">grau de centralidade refere-se o qu&atilde;o central determinado n&oacute; estar &eacute; na estrutura da rede</span>. Conforme Freeman (2004), h&aacute; tr&ecirc;s tipos de centralidade:</span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> quantidade de conex&otilde;es recebidas e enviadas, respectivamente. <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Indegree</span> mostra os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">n&oacute;s mais citados</span>, s&atilde;o bastantes vis&iacute;veis na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Outegree</span> representa as cita&ccedil;&otilde;es, men&ccedil;&otilde;es e respostas dirigidas a outros atores. </span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">&bull; <b>Grau de intermedia&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> (Betweeness): medida do grau de valor de intermedi&aacute;rio de um n&oacute; em um grafo, ou seja, o quanto ele aparece em &ldquo;meio&rdquo; a outros. Refere-se assim &agrave; posi&ccedil;&atilde;o do n&oacute; na rede. Quanto maior o grau de intermedia&ccedil;&atilde;o maior o papel do n&oacute; em conectar grupos diferentes.</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">&bull; <b>Grau de proximidade</b>: refere-se ao qu&atilde;o pr&oacute;ximo um n&oacute; est&aacute; dos demais. (p. 175)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora indaga como mapear essas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es? Como estabelecer elementos relevantes de estudo para essas redes sociais emergentes? (p. 177)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Primeiramente, &eacute; preciso delimitar a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o que ser&aacute; recolhida. Para estudo &eacute; preciso delimitar a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o que ser&aacute; recolhida; &eacute; preciso delimitar quais intera&ccedil;&otilde;es ser&atilde;o e n&atilde;o ser&atilde;o consideradas constituintes de uma conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o; finalmente &eacute; preciso determinar quais elementos de an&aacute;lise s&atilde;o relevantes para o estudo.</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">NOTA: <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">OS ESTUDOS DE CASO N&Atilde;O FORAM OBJETOS DE MEU RESUMO</span></b></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">- <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Caso 1</span>: #GTCiber (p. 177)</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">- <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Caso 2</span>: #BeloMonte (p. 187)</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">- <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Caso 3 </span>Conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em torno de acontecimentos: casos Amy Winehouse e Oslo (p. 195)</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"></span></b></p> <ol> <li><b>5.2.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Efeitos e impactos da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O cap&iacute;tulo apresenta uma proposta de como construir e observar os elementos que causam efeitos e impactos na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede. Os exemplos podem indicar ao pesquisador como focar os elementos apresentados. Faz necess&aacute;rio estabelecer um foco contextual de rede, seja atrav&eacute;s dos estudos: das conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es de um determinado grupo em certo e espa&ccedil;o j&aacute; identificados; ou das conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es de um &uacute;nico em outro espa&ccedil;o definido. (p. 202)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora frisa que o elemento mais importante da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o mediada, para nossa an&aacute;lise, &eacute; que a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o conecta as intera&ccedil;&otilde;es observadas no ciberespa&ccedil;o. Estudando sua estrutura obt&ecirc;m-se <span style="text-decoration: underline;">indica&ccedil;&atilde;o da qualidade das conex&otilde;es</span> estabelecidas entre os atores, constituindo seu aspecto estrutural. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Por&eacute;m, uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o n&atilde;o &eacute; constitu&iacute;da unicamente de uma estrutura de mensagens</span>, &eacute; tamb&eacute;m de um <span style="text-decoration: underline;">sentido constru&iacute;do entre os interagentes</span>. Este <span style="text-decoration: underline;">aspecto sem&acirc;ntico/discursivo</span> auxilia na compreens&atilde;o das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rela&ccedil;&otilde;es entre as mensagens</span> e na <span style="text-decoration: underline;">interpreta&ccedil;&atilde;o do sentido daquilo que &eacute; trocado</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Conforme a an&aacute;lise do aspecto estrutural e sem&acirc;ntico de uma conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, a autora enumera os aspectos a serem mapeados. (p. 203)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Depreende-se da tabela o seguinte: a) Conte&uacute;do e sequenciamento das intera&ccedil;&otilde;es; b) Identifica&ccedil;&atilde;o e estrutura dos pares conversacionais; c) Negocia&ccedil;&atilde;o e organiza&ccedil;&atilde;o dos turnos de fala; d) Reciprocidade e persist&ecirc;ncia; e) Multlplexidade e migra&ccedil;&atilde;o.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">REFER&Ecirc;NCIAS</span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">RECUERO, Raquel. <strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O Contexto na Conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o Mediada pelo Computador. </span></strong>2010. Dispon&iacute;vel em: &lt;<a href="http://www.raquelrecuero.com/arquivos/2010/09/o-contexto-na-c.html&gt;.">http://www.raquelrecuero.com/arquivos/2010/09/o-contexto-na-c.html&gt;.</a> Acesso em: 15 fev. 2017.</span></p> <hr style="text-align: left;" size="1" width="33%" /> <p><a href="https://tonysoftwares.com.br/#ftnref1" id="ftn1" style="vertical-align: super;">[1]</a> <b>Plurk</b> &eacute; um servi&ccedil;o gratuito de <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microblogging" title="Microblogging">microblogging</a> e de <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rede_social" title="Rede social">rede social</a> que permite que os usu&aacute;rios enviem mensagens (tamb&eacute;m conhecido como plurks) de at&eacute; 140 caracteres. Lan&ccedil;ado em 2008.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;">&nbsp;<strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Resumo Informativo</span> </strong>por:<br /><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Antonio Porf&iacute;rio da Silva</span><br /><strong>Bacharel em Biblioteconomia - UFAL</strong><br /><strong>ORCID</strong>: <span id="orcid-id" class="orcid-id shortURI">orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-2725</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <br /></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">para</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <img src="https://tonysoftwares.com.br/images/All_Imagens/Lab-iMetrics.png" alt="" /><br /></span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">RECUERO, Raquel. A conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede. In: RECUERO, Raquel. <b>A conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede: </b>comunica&ccedil;&atilde;o mediada pelo computador e redes sociais na Internet. Porto Alegre: Editora Sulina, 2012. 238 p.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Perfil da Autora:</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> &Eacute; jornalista, professora e pesquisadora da </span><a href="http://ucpel.tche.br/poslet/"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">Universidade Cat&oacute;lica de Pelotas</span></a><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">. Suas &aacute;reas de interesse s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">redes sociais</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">comunidades virtuais na Internet</span>, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, fluxos de informa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> e capital social no ciberespa&ccedil;o e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">jornalismo digital</span>.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">CAP&Iacute;TULO 4</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> &ndash; <strong>A CONVERSA&Ccedil;&Atilde;O EM REDE</strong></span></p> <ol> <li><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">INTRODU&Ccedil;&Atilde;O</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Segundo a autora <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">as conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede</span></b> adv&ecirc;m do surgimento dos sites de redes sociais: &ldquo;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">S&atilde;o centenas, milhares de novas formas de trocas sociais que constroem conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es <b>p&uacute;blicas, coletivas, s&iacute;ncronas e ass&iacute;ncronas</b>, que permeiam grupos e sistemas diferentes, migram, espalham-se e semeiam novos comportamentos&rdquo;. (p. 121)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Essas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede constituem-se em conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es <b>coletivas, p&uacute;blicas, permanentes</b> - <span style="text-transform: uppercase;">pass&iacute;vel de recupera&ccedil;&atilde;o </span>-, cujas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">caracter&iacute;sticas emergentes</span> s&atilde;o aliadas &agrave;s caracter&iacute;sticas da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o mediada no ciberespa&ccedil;o. (p. 121)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">S&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es diferenciadas</span> daquelas no espa&ccedil;o online, pois emergem do espa&ccedil;o - <span style="text-decoration: underline;">coletiva e publicamente</span> por milhares de indiv&iacute;duos - constitu&iacute;do: por uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">hashtag</span>, uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">comunidade no Orkut</span> ou de algo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publicado no Facebook</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">S&atilde;o conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es que se utilizam das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es</span> estabelecidas entre <span style="text-decoration: underline;">atores nos sites de rede social</span> para se espalhar para outros grupos. S&atilde;o, fundamentalmente, conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es amplificadas, emergentes e complexas, nascidas da interconex&atilde;o entre os atores. (p. 122)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.1.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Problematizando a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os sites de redes sociais permitiram &agrave;s pessoas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publicar e ampliar suas redes</span>, criando <span style="text-decoration: underline;">novas conex&otilde;es</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">novas formas</span> de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">circula&ccedil;&atilde;o de informa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> (Recuero e Zago, 2009), al&eacute;m de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">novos modos de intera&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> (Primo, 2006). (p. 122)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Essas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">emergentes ferramentas</span> propiciaram a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publiciza&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> de redes sociais e novas formas de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o: </span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">coletivas</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">, <b>ass&iacute;ncronas ou s&iacute;ncronas</b>, <b>p&uacute;blicas</b> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">e capazes de envolver uma grande quantidade de atores, denominada pela autora de <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span></b>.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Essas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es <span style="text-decoration: underline;">s&atilde;o diferentes das demais conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es no espa&ccedil;o digital,</span> pois s&atilde;o capazes de "navegar" <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pelas conex&otilde;es dessas redes</span>, espalhando-se por outros grupos sociais e por outros espa&ccedil;os &ndash; i.e. a AMPLIFICA&Ccedil;&Atilde;O e a REVERBERA&Ccedil;&Atilde;O da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o -. Elas transpassam diversas redes sociais, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">recebendo interfer&ecirc;ncias</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">participa&ccedil;&otilde;es de indiv&iacute;duos</span>, inclusive, daqueles <span style="text-decoration: underline;">que n&atilde;o fazem parte da rede</span> do protagonista do di&aacute;logo. (p. 123)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A capacidade da <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o online</span> de permanecer (Boyd, 2007) implica tamb&eacute;m a capacidade de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">envolver muito mais do que apenas dois interagentes</span>, multiplicando</span> <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">a participa&ccedil;&atilde;o. Pode <span style="text-decoration: underline;">migrar entre v&aacute;rias ferramentas</span>, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">espalhar-se</span> entre v&aacute;rias redes sociais e acontecer em escalas devido a possibilidade de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">buscar aquilo que foi dito</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Assim a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede pode ser <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contextualizada e recuperada</span>, permitindo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">espalhar-se e amplificar-se</span> dentro das redes sociais, e tamb&eacute;m, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publicizar as rela&ccedil;&otilde;es sociais</span> entre os interagentes, fornecendo o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto social</span> para a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">interpreta&ccedil;&atilde;o dos grupos e das rela&ccedil;&otilde;es entre os indiv&iacute;duos</span>. (p. 126)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora afirma que </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">&rdquo;o <b>espalhamento entre grupos sociais pelas conex&otilde;es entre os indiv&iacute;duos</b>&rdquo; </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">&eacute; a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">caracter&iacute;stica mais importante</span> da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede. (p. 127)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.1.1.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Redes sociais na Internet e sites de rede social</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora esclarece que devamos entender as <b>redes</b><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> como met&aacute;foras para os grupos humanos</span>, e as <b>redes sociais na internet</b>, para esses <span style="text-decoration: underline;">grupos mediados por dispositivos inform&aacute;ticos</span> (computador, smartphone, tablet). (p. 128)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A <b>perman&ecirc;ncia e a buscabilidade</b> (Boyd, 2007) &ndash; caracter&iacute;sticas do processo de comunica&ccedil;&atilde;o no ciberespa&ccedil;o - proporcionam uma observa&ccedil;&atilde;o dessas trocas em micro e macro escalas. As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">representa&ccedil;&otilde;es dos atores</span> envolvidos nas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">trocas comunicacionais</span>, a exemplo dos perfis, s&atilde;o os <b>nodos ou n&oacute;s da rede</b>, e as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es entre esses perfis</span> seriam as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es entre os n&oacute;s</span> que formar&atilde;o <b>a rede</b></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es</span> s&atilde;o os elementos mais complexos dessas redes, afinal, s&atilde;o elas que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">unem os atores em grupos sociais</span> (representados, nos grafos, pelas arestas). Nas <b>redes sociais</b> &ndash; i.e. <i>OFFLINE</i> -, essas conex&otilde;es s&atilde;o constitu&iacute;das principalmente de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rela&ccedil;&otilde;es sociais</span>, ou seja, de rela&ccedil;&otilde;es criadas atrav&eacute;s de eventos de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">fala e de troca de informa&ccedil;&otilde;es entre atores</span>, que terminam por construir <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os sociais</span>: essencialmente la&ccedil;os fortes e fracos (Granoveter, 1973). (p. 129)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">La&ccedil;os fortes</span> constituem-se em vias mais amplas e concretas para as trocas sociais (Wellman, 1997); os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os fracos</span> possuem trocas mais difusas. Por&eacute;m os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os fracos s&atilde;o importantes</span>, pois <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conectam os grupos</span>, constitu&iacute;dos de la&ccedil;os fortes, entre si. <span style="text-decoration: underline;">La&ccedil;os</span>, portanto, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conectam os atores</span> na rede social, e, tamb&eacute;m s&atilde;o importantes vias de circula&ccedil;&atilde;o de informa&ccedil;&otilde;es. (p. 130)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nas redes sociais na Internet os la&ccedil;os s&atilde;o diferentes. S&atilde;o primeiramente de dois tipos: &ldquo;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">os <b>la&ccedil;os associativos</b> e os <b>relacionais</b> (Recuero, 2009)&rdquo;: os </span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Associativos</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> s&atilde;o formados por <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pertencimento</span>, ou seja, os atores associam-se por interesses ou ideias comuns, sendo opcional a intera&ccedil;ao. Os <b>Relacionais</b> s&atilde;o derivados da <span style="text-decoration: underline;">intera&ccedil;&atilde;o entre os atores</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora afirma que existem as <b>redes de filia&ccedil;&atilde;o ou associa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> (&agrave;quelas publicamente disponibilizadas pelas ferramentas) e as <b>redes emergentes</b> (&agrave;quelas formadas pelas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es no sistema).</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">sites de rede social</span> s&atilde;o caracterizados pela <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publiciza&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">redes sociais dos atores</span> e por <span style="text-decoration: underline;">permitir construir</span> um <span style="text-decoration: underline;">perfil individualizado</span> (Boyd &amp; Ellison, 2007). Possuem dois <span style="text-decoration: underline;">elementos conceituais</span> que os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diferenciam</span> de outros sites: <b>a apropria&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> (sistema utilizado para manter redes sociais e dar-lhes sentido) e a <b>estrutura </b>(cuja principal caracter&iacute;stica &eacute; a exposi&ccedil;&atilde;o p&uacute;blica da rede dos atores) (Boyd &amp; Ellison, 2007). (p. 131). </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os <b>la&ccedil;os relacionais</b> nos sites de redes sociais, em geral, apontam para os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os fortes</span>, uma vez que s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rec&iacute;procos</span>, constitu&iacute;dos de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">intera&ccedil;&otilde;es</span> mais ou menos frequentes. Os <b>la&ccedil;os associativos</b> apontam para os<span style="text-decoration: underline;"> la&ccedil;os fracos</span>, ou seja, aqueles que n&atilde;o possuem quase intera&ccedil;&atilde;o, mas que geram valor (por exemplo, trazem informa&ccedil;&otilde;es externas) e influenciam as redes sociais. (p. 133)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Quanto &agrave; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">simetria e assimetria das conex&otilde;es</span> das redes sociais na Internet, a autora cita o Facebook e o Orkut como sites <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">sim&eacute;tricos</span></b>, com &ldquo;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">conex&otilde;es sempre rec&iacute;procas e sim&eacute;tricas (para que algu&eacute;m adicione outra pessoa &agrave; sua rede &eacute; necess&aacute;ria a concord&acirc;ncia desta)</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">&rdquo;. E o Twitter e o Google+ como <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">assim&eacute;tricos</span></b></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">, ou seja, </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">&ldquo;de conex&otilde;es onde n&atilde;o existe reciprocidade na cria&ccedil;&atilde;o da conex&atilde;o&rdquo;.</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.1.2.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O capital social e as redes sociais na Internet</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Neste livro, o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social</span> &eacute; pensado como constitu&iacute;do de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">recursos coletivamente constru&iacute;dos</span> relacionados ao <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pertencimento da rede</span>, ou seja, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">valores</span> individualmente apropriados <span style="text-decoration: underline;">por atores</span> de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">recursos</span> constru&iacute;dos pelo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">grupo</span>. (p. 136)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">recursos</span> s&atilde;o constitu&iacute;dos atrav&eacute;s dos <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os sociais</span>, e, tamb&eacute;m das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pr&aacute;ticas conversacionais</span>, decorrendo, que o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social &eacute; um valor coletivo</span>, de que os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">atores podem se apropriar e transformar</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Na Internet as redes sociais s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diferentes</span>, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mais complexas</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">menos custosas</span> para os atores. As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">formas de criar e compartilhar capital social</span> tamb&eacute;m o s&atilde;o, ou seja, &eacute; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mais f&aacute;cil criar, manter e ampliar</span> a rede social.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Indaga a autora</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">: como essas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">formas de capital social</span> e de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">constru&ccedil;&atilde;o de valores</span> influenciam a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede? </span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Resposta</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">: o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social &eacute; elemento fundamental &agrave; conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>, pois esta depende de elementos do <span style="text-decoration: underline;">macrocontexto das rela&ccedil;&otilde;es</span>, &agrave; exemplo, da polidez (atitude gentil; cortesia, civilidade). (p. 137)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Al&eacute;m dos elementos mencionados, a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede gera <span style="text-decoration: underline;">visibilidade</span>, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">reputa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> e <span style="text-decoration: underline;">popularidade</span>.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Visibilidade</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> quanto mais citado e referenciado na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Reputa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> quanto mais acessos e concord&acirc;ncias recebe na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. Ocasiona <span style="text-decoration: underline;">aumento na popularidade e visibilidade</span>.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Popularidade</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> tem haver com quantidade de seguidores.</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.2.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os processos da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As redes sociais presentes nos sites de rede social (SRSs) s&atilde;o </span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">diferenciadas, e t&ecirc;m elementos <span style="text-decoration: underline;">comuns e caracter&iacute;sticos</span> compostos por: </span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">por <span style="text-decoration: underline;">formas de individualiza&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> (perfis) </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> permitindo aos indiv&iacute;duos estabelecer quem s&atilde;o e convidar outros a interagir;</span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> pelas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es</span> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> que tornam p&uacute;blicas as redes sociais anexas a cada perfil</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">. (p. 138)</span></p> <ol> <li>2.1.<b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Perfis como conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Os perfis s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">representa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span>, de atores e grupos, que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">delimitam o contexto</span> desses enunciados (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">atores, grupos, participantes</span>); e podem constituir-se em <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span>. (p. 139)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A <span style="text-decoration: underline;">representa&ccedil;&atilde;o dos atores no ciberespa&ccedil;o</span> &eacute; essencial para que sejam <span style="text-decoration: underline;">compreendidos</span> pelos demais como <span style="text-decoration: underline;">participantes da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>. Os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">modos de representa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> variam conforme o SRS: podem ser imagens, apelidos (nicknames), elementos perform&aacute;ticos (ex.: modo de expressar).</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Essas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">representa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span> s&atilde;o o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">primeiro elemento essencial</span> da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. Ao construir um perfil, os atores precisam <span style="text-decoration: underline;">reconstruir ind&iacute;cios</span> a respeito de quem s&atilde;o, para <span style="text-decoration: underline;">uma audi&ecirc;ncia imaginada pelos atores</span>. (p. 141)</span></p> <ol> <li>2.2.<b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As conex&otilde;es e a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es tamb&eacute;m s&atilde;o elementos conversacionais</span>. Constituem e s&atilde;o constitu&iacute;das por conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es. Ao <span style="text-decoration: underline;">aceitar uma conex&atilde;o</span> no Facebook ou no Orkut, por exemplo, h&aacute; uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o impl&iacute;cita</span>. Ao <span style="text-decoration: underline;">dividir uma informa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">com sua rede, o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">ator cria uma expectativa de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>. As <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es nem sempre constitui conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> para existirem, por&eacute;m, s&atilde;o as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">protagonistas no espalhamento</span>, caracter&iacute;stico das conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede. (p. 143)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nas redes sociais emergentes, as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conex&otilde;es</span> tamb&eacute;m s&atilde;o r<span style="text-decoration: underline;">epresentadas</span> atrav&eacute;s das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es e das trocas produzidas por elas entre os sujeitos</span>. Nos SRS as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es s&atilde;o representadas por mensagens trocadas entre os sujeitos</span>. Essas mensagens, que podem constituir tanto <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es s&iacute;ncronas quanto ass&iacute;ncronas</span>, s&atilde;o capazes de gerar <span style="text-decoration: underline;">elementos de valor</span>, como o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Embora possam incluir indiv&iacute;duos que n&atilde;o est&atilde;o conectados atrav&eacute;s da ferramenta, &eacute; atrav&eacute;s da rede associativa ou de filia&ccedil;&atilde;o que essas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es s&atilde;o espalhadas e transitam para as demais redes.</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O problema do contexto</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto representa</span>, talvez, o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">maior problema para a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span>, devido &agrave;s redes sociais serem multimodais, negociadas e constru&iacute;das como espa&ccedil;os conversacionais apropriados pelos grupos. O contexto, i.e., o ambiente em que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">essas trocas v&atilde;o acontecer</span> influen-ciam a forma de interpreta&ccedil;&atilde;o e participa&ccedil;&atilde;o no di&aacute;logo. (p. 146)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nas RSI, <b>o contexto n&atilde;o &eacute; &oacute;bvio e nem imediatamente discern&iacute;vel</b>, pois n&atilde;o temos uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">s&eacute;rie de elementos</span> que atuam na constru&ccedil;&atilde;o do <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto nas intera&ccedil;&otilde;es off-line</span>, por ex.: gestos, express&otilde;es faciais, entona&ccedil;&atilde;o, ambiente e etc. ou mesmo, uma s&eacute;rie de novos elementos que s&atilde;o adicionados no processo (por exemplo, a perman&ecirc;ncia das intera&ccedil;&otilde;es na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o online, a refer&ecirc;ncia, a cria&ccedil;&atilde;o de novos espa&ccedil;os e etc.). O <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto</span> &eacute; uma das coisas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mais dif&iacute;ceis de compreender e discernir nas intera&ccedil;&otilde;es online</span> (RECUERO, 2010).</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">N&atilde;o apenas isso ocasiona interpreta&ccedil;&otilde;es erradas, como tamb&eacute;m acaba por minar a participa&ccedil;&atilde;o de muita gente nesses espa&ccedil;os. Um dos exemplos &eacute; o uso de <b>hashtags</b> no Twitter. As hashtags servem, justamente, para <b>oferecer pistas a respeito do contexto</b> daquilo que est&aacute; sendo dito. Tamb&eacute;m relevante &eacute; quando se tem apenas uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rede social espec&iacute;fica</span> que tem <span style="text-decoration: underline;">acesso ao espa&ccedil;o conversacional</span>: Ex.: o Plurk</span><a href="https://tonysoftwares.com.br/#ftn1" id="ftnref1" style="vertical-align: super;" name="_ftnref1">[1]</a><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nesse caso, os participantes da rede tendem a assumir que o <b>contexto impl&iacute;cito ser&aacute; compreendido pela rede</b> com base nas experi&ecirc;ncias em comum. S&oacute; que dificilmente algu&eacute;m tem elementos de uma &uacute;nica rede em qualquer ferramenta, assim, <b>contextos diferentes s&atilde;o reconstru&iacute;dos e interpreta&ccedil;&otilde;es diferentes de um mesmo di&aacute;logo acontecem</b>. Com isso, mais problemas de negocia&ccedil;&atilde;o e trocas emergem (RECUERO, 2010).</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.1.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> O p&uacute;blico e o privado nas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es online</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> normalmente <span style="text-decoration: underline;">s&atilde;o restritas aos indiv&iacute;duos</span> que est&atilde;o dividindo uma determinada <span style="text-decoration: underline;">situa&ccedil;&atilde;o da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> (no sentido constru&iacute;do por Goffman). A aproxima&ccedil;&atilde;o de outros atores &eacute; percebida pelos interagentes que, portanto, t&ecirc;m controle de quem participa da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. No ambiente mediado, o controle &eacute; muito menor, justamente porque n&atilde;o se percebem todos os participantes da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. (p. 146)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span>, entretanto, &eacute; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">por defini&ccedil;&atilde;o, p&uacute;blica</span>. Sua principal caracter&iacute;stica &eacute; aquela da <span style="text-decoration: underline;">migra&ccedil;&atilde;o entre os v&aacute;rios grupos sociais</span>, o que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">inviabiliza sua privacidade</span>. Entretanto, embora a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede seja p&uacute;blica, nada impede que tenha seu in&iacute;cio no &acirc;mbito privado. (p. 151)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.2.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A visibilidade na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A visibilidade do comum &eacute; algo sedutor, implica numa <span style="text-decoration: underline;">forma de capitalizar</span> um dos grandes <span style="text-decoration: underline;">valores da contemporaneidade</span>, <b>a aten&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> (Lahan, 2006), mas tamb&eacute;m <span style="text-decoration: underline;">tem um custo</span> que est&aacute; sobre a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">publiciza&ccedil;&atilde;o do privado</span>. H&aacute; uma rela&ccedil;&atilde;o de <span style="text-decoration: underline;">investimento e custo</span>, que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">agrega</span> ou n&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social</span> aos <span style="text-decoration: underline;">sujeitos da visibilidade</span>. (p. 152)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A visibilidade est&aacute; diretamente relacionada com a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">presen&ccedil;a</span> e com a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">narrativa da presen&ccedil;a</span>, constituindo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">reordena&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> dos modos de conversar. Para <span style="text-decoration: underline;">participar da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>, &eacute; preciso <b>est&aacute; vis&iacute;vel</b> e a <b>conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> idem. Mais do que ser ouvido, para conversar &eacute; preciso tamb&eacute;m ser visto. (p. 153)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es precisam ser <span style="text-decoration: underline;">divididas, publicadas e reconstitu&iacute;das</span> para que outros sujeitos possam participar: Ex.: o bot&atilde;o share do Facebook e do Google+, o retweet no Twitter publicizam a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o dando <span style="text-decoration: underline;">visibilidade ao que &eacute; dito</span> permitindo que grupos diferentes participem da conversa. Tais pr&aacute;ticas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">geradoras dessa visibilidade</span> t&ecirc;m seu custo relacionado com a publiciza&ccedil;&atilde;o.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Para a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o o<i> </i>custo pode ser bastante alto: a) a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">interse&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> de redes sociais diferentes pode <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conflitar</span> relativa &agrave;s <span style="text-decoration: underline;">negocia&ccedil;&otilde;es de contexto e polidez diferentes</span>; b)<i> </i><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Atores de redes sociais diferentes</span> podem manifestar-se de forma considerada agressiva ou menos aceita pelo grupo original relativo as negocia&ccedil;&otilde;es macrocontextuais e o permitido na intera&ccedil;&atilde;o; c) A <span style="text-decoration: underline;">consci&ecirc;ncia da visibilidade das intera&ccedil;&otilde;es</span> para outras redes tamb&eacute;m pode inibir a participa&ccedil;&atilde;o na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, relativo uma no&ccedil;&atilde;o clara da "face" dos interagentes e nem das normas das intera&ccedil;&otilde;es. (p. 154)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.3.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Multimodalidade, migra&ccedil;&atilde;o e multiconversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">As conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede frequentemente apresentam-se como <span style="text-decoration: underline;">multimodais</span>, de maneira <span style="text-decoration: underline;">simult&acirc;nea entre os v&aacute;rios atores</span>, at&eacute; porque as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">redes sociais tamb&eacute;m s&atilde;o multimodais</span>. A Multimodalidade refere-se &agrave; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">presen&ccedil;a das conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es e das redes sociais</span> nas v&aacute;rias plataformas.</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Por causa dessa multimodalidade, os grupos sociais precisam estabelecer os da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, e esse acordo, t&aacute;cito, acontece no momento da <span style="text-decoration: underline;">transcri&ccedil;&atilde;o das redes sociais para a ferramenta</span>. (p. 156)</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Recuero entende ser tamb&eacute;m caracter&iacute;stica das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede media</span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">da</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">, o <b>conceito de multiconversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b>. Esta ocorre pela perman&ecirc;ncia e pela assincronicidade potencial, ou seja, acontece quando um &uacute;nico ator mant&eacute;m diversas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es simult&acirc;neas, em contextos diferentes, com atores diferentes. (p. 158)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>4.3.4.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Capital social e a polidez nas redes sociais</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A polidez &eacute; essencial para o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">funcionamento, organiza&ccedil;&atilde;o e normatiza&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> do <span style="text-decoration: underline;">contexto</span> onde a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o acontece</span>. &Eacute; influenciado pelo <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capital social constru&iacute;do pelas RSI</span> e atua como <span style="text-decoration: underline;">delimitador</span> dos contextos onde essas <span style="text-decoration: underline;">normas atuam</span> e os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rituais da polidez</span>. (p. 160)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A <span style="text-decoration: underline;">compreens&atilde;o</span> das normas de polidez &eacute; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">indicativo dos la&ccedil;os sociais existentes na rede</span>. Polidez com normas male&aacute;veis apontam para La&ccedil;os Fortes proporcionando conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es mais informais. Quando os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">la&ccedil;os s&atilde;o mais fracos</span>, a polidez &eacute; essencial para <span style="text-decoration: underline;">guiar a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span> e a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">manuten&ccedil;&atilde;o da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>.</span></p> <p><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"><br style="page-break-before: always;" clear="all" /> </span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"></span></b><b>5.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">ESTUDANDO A CONVERSA&Ccedil;&Atilde;O EM REDE</span></b></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O cap&iacute;tulo discute como <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mapear as conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em rede mediada</span> e que <span style="text-decoration: underline;">elementos observar desses mapas</span>. Para conceituar <b>mapa de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b>, usa-se uma abordagem estrutural, focada a partir da An&aacute;lise de Redes Sociais. (p. 171)</span></p> <ol> <li>1.<b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Mapas de Conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em Rede</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Mapear a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o &eacute; um <span style="text-decoration: underline;">processo complexo</span> porque &eacute; dif&iacute;cil recortar uma &uacute;nica conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, e dif&iacute;cil inferir o contexto dessas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es. Os <b>mapas de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> s&atilde;o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">"retratos" de um conjunto de intera&ccedil;&otilde;es</span> delimitadas num <span style="text-decoration: underline;">certo tempo e espa&ccedil;o</span>: logo constituindo uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o parcial num certo ambiente conversacional</span>. Em princ&iacute;pio, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">n&atilde;o contempla abordagem ampla das din&acirc;micas</span> dessas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es. (p. 173)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora reitera que o <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mapa de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span>, trabalhado na obra, &eacute; um retrato de um determinado momento que cont&eacute;m os atores que est&atilde;o participando da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o e as trocas que foram realizadas durante o per&iacute;odo. A quantidade de intera&ccedil;&otilde;es recolhidas e a perspectiva de an&aacute;lise dependem das escolhas do pesquisador. (p. 174)</span></p> <ol> <li><b>5.1.1.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> A an&aacute;lise de redes sociais e a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">An&aacute;lise de Redes Sociais (ARS) &eacute; uma perspectiva te&oacute;rico-metodol&oacute;gica para o estudo das estruturas sociais, ou seja, os agrupamentos humanos. Com o tempo a ARS &eacute; usada como perspectiva qualitativa, enfocando a <span style="text-decoration: underline;">estrutura e o conte&uacute;do</span> (Montardo, Passerino e Berkenstein, 2007) e &agrave;s <span style="text-decoration: underline;">din&acirc;micas dessas redes</span> (Recuero, 2009). Al&eacute;m disso, a ARS vem sendo usada por pesquisadores para o estudo das redes sociais na Internet, devido ao <span style="text-decoration: underline;">prospecto dos estudos dos rastros das estruturas sociais</span> deixadas no ciberespa&ccedil;o. Sua perspectiva concentra-se no desenho da estrutura desses rastros e no c&aacute;lculo de diversas vari&aacute;veis quantific&aacute;veis da rede. (p. 174)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nessa obra a ARS &eacute; usada para analisar a estrutura das redes de conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o. Para esse fim interessam-nos os diferentes graus de centralidade. O <span style="text-decoration: underline;">grau de centralidade refere-se o qu&atilde;o central determinado n&oacute; estar &eacute; na estrutura da rede</span>. Conforme Freeman (2004), h&aacute; tr&ecirc;s tipos de centralidade:</span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings;">&agrave;</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> quantidade de conex&otilde;es recebidas e enviadas, respectivamente. <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Indegree</span> mostra os <span style="text-decoration: underline;">n&oacute;s mais citados</span>, s&atilde;o bastantes vis&iacute;veis na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o; <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Outegree</span> representa as cita&ccedil;&otilde;es, men&ccedil;&otilde;es e respostas dirigidas a outros atores. </span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">&bull; <b>Grau de intermedia&ccedil;&atilde;o</b> (Betweeness): medida do grau de valor de intermedi&aacute;rio de um n&oacute; em um grafo, ou seja, o quanto ele aparece em &ldquo;meio&rdquo; a outros. Refere-se assim &agrave; posi&ccedil;&atilde;o do n&oacute; na rede. Quanto maior o grau de intermedia&ccedil;&atilde;o maior o papel do n&oacute; em conectar grupos diferentes.</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">&bull; <b>Grau de proximidade</b>: refere-se ao qu&atilde;o pr&oacute;ximo um n&oacute; est&aacute; dos demais. (p. 175)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora indaga como mapear essas conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es? Como estabelecer elementos relevantes de estudo para essas redes sociais emergentes? (p. 177)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Primeiramente, &eacute; preciso delimitar a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o que ser&aacute; recolhida. Para estudo &eacute; preciso delimitar a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o que ser&aacute; recolhida; &eacute; preciso delimitar quais intera&ccedil;&otilde;es ser&atilde;o e n&atilde;o ser&atilde;o consideradas constituintes de uma conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o; finalmente &eacute; preciso determinar quais elementos de an&aacute;lise s&atilde;o relevantes para o estudo.</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">NOTA: <b><span style="text-decoration: underline;">OS ESTUDOS DE CASO N&Atilde;O FORAM OBJETOS DE MEU RESUMO</span></b></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">- <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Caso 1</span>: #GTCiber (p. 177)</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">- <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Caso 2</span>: #BeloMonte (p. 187)</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">- <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Caso 3 </span>Conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es em torno de acontecimentos: casos Amy Winehouse e Oslo (p. 195)</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"></span></b></p> <ol> <li><b>5.2.</b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Efeitos e impactos da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede</span></b></li> </ol> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O cap&iacute;tulo apresenta uma proposta de como construir e observar os elementos que causam efeitos e impactos na conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o em rede. Os exemplos podem indicar ao pesquisador como focar os elementos apresentados. Faz necess&aacute;rio estabelecer um foco contextual de rede, seja atrav&eacute;s dos estudos: das conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es de um determinado grupo em certo e espa&ccedil;o j&aacute; identificados; ou das conversa&ccedil;&otilde;es de um &uacute;nico em outro espa&ccedil;o definido. (p. 202)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A autora frisa que o elemento mais importante da conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o mediada, para nossa an&aacute;lise, &eacute; que a conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o conecta as intera&ccedil;&otilde;es observadas no ciberespa&ccedil;o. Estudando sua estrutura obt&ecirc;m-se <span style="text-decoration: underline;">indica&ccedil;&atilde;o da qualidade das conex&otilde;es</span> estabelecidas entre os atores, constituindo seu aspecto estrutural. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Por&eacute;m, uma <span style="text-decoration: underline;">conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o n&atilde;o &eacute; constitu&iacute;da unicamente de uma estrutura de mensagens</span>, &eacute; tamb&eacute;m de um <span style="text-decoration: underline;">sentido constru&iacute;do entre os interagentes</span>. Este <span style="text-decoration: underline;">aspecto sem&acirc;ntico/discursivo</span> auxilia na compreens&atilde;o das <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rela&ccedil;&otilde;es entre as mensagens</span> e na <span style="text-decoration: underline;">interpreta&ccedil;&atilde;o do sentido daquilo que &eacute; trocado</span>. </span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Conforme a an&aacute;lise do aspecto estrutural e sem&acirc;ntico de uma conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o, a autora enumera os aspectos a serem mapeados. (p. 203)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">➢<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Depreende-se da tabela o seguinte: a) Conte&uacute;do e sequenciamento das intera&ccedil;&otilde;es; b) Identifica&ccedil;&atilde;o e estrutura dos pares conversacionais; c) Negocia&ccedil;&atilde;o e organiza&ccedil;&atilde;o dos turnos de fala; d) Reciprocidade e persist&ecirc;ncia; e) Multlplexidade e migra&ccedil;&atilde;o.</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">REFER&Ecirc;NCIAS</span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">RECUERO, Raquel. <strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">O Contexto na Conversa&ccedil;&atilde;o Mediada pelo Computador. </span></strong>2010. Dispon&iacute;vel em: &lt;<a href="http://www.raquelrecuero.com/arquivos/2010/09/o-contexto-na-c.html&gt;.">http://www.raquelrecuero.com/arquivos/2010/09/o-contexto-na-c.html&gt;.</a> Acesso em: 15 fev. 2017.</span></p> <hr style="text-align: left;" size="1" width="33%" /> <p><a href="https://tonysoftwares.com.br/#ftnref1" id="ftn1" style="vertical-align: super;">[1]</a> <b>Plurk</b> &eacute; um servi&ccedil;o gratuito de <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microblogging" title="Microblogging">microblogging</a> e de <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rede_social" title="Rede social">rede social</a> que permite que os usu&aacute;rios enviem mensagens (tamb&eacute;m conhecido como plurks) de at&eacute; 140 caracteres. Lan&ccedil;ado em 2008.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;">&nbsp;<strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Resumo Informativo</span> </strong>por:<br /><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Antonio Porf&iacute;rio da Silva</span><br /><strong>Bacharel em Biblioteconomia - UFAL</strong><br /><strong>ORCID</strong>: <span id="orcid-id" class="orcid-id shortURI">orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-2725</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <br /></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">para</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <img src="https://tonysoftwares.com.br/images/All_Imagens/Lab-iMetrics.png" alt="" /><br /></span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p>